Iraq exported $11.07 billion of oil last month, the highest level for half a century, as crude prices soared amid shortfall fears following Russia’s military offensive against Ukraine, the oil ministry said.
The second largest producer in the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), Iraq exported “100,563,999 barrels for revenues of $11.07 billion, the highest revenue since 1972”, the ministry said.
The figures published late on April 1 are preliminary data but final data “generally does not vary” much, a ministry official said, speaking on condition of anonymity.
In February, oil revenues reached an eight-year high of $8.5 billion dollars, with daily exports of 3.3 million barrels of oil.
Oil exports account for more than 90 per cent of Iraq’s income.
Crude prices spiked over fears of a major supply shortfall after Moscow began its military offensive against Ukraine on February 24. Russia is the world’s second biggest exporter of oil after Saudi Arabia.
On March 31, the OPEC group of oil producing countries and its Russia-led allies agreed on another modest oil output increase, ignoring Western pressure to significantly boost production as the Ukraine conflict has rocked prices.
The 13 members of the Saudi-led OPEC and 10 countries spearheaded by Russia – a group known as OPEC+ – backed an increase of 432,000 barrels per day in May, marginally higher than in previous months.
The US has urged OPEC+ to boost production as high energy prices have contributed to soaring inflation across the world, which has threatened to severely derail the recovery from the Covid pandemic.
While OPEC refused to budge, Washington said it would tap its strategic stockpile by a record amount in a bid to cool soaring prices.
The international benchmark contract, Brent North Sea crude, flirted with a record high in early March as it soared to almost $140 per barrel, but has retreated since then.
On April 1, oil was around $100 a barrel.
Oil revenues are critical for Iraq’s government, with the country mired in a financial crisis and needing funds to rebuild infrastructure after decades of devastating war.
Iraq, with a population of some 41 million people, is also grappling with a major energy crisis and suffers regular power cuts.
Despite its immense oil and gas reserves, Iraq remains dependent on imports to meet its energy needs.
Neighbouring Iran currently provides a third of Iraq’s gas and electricity needs, but supplies are regularly cut or reduced, aggravating daily load shedding.
“Overall, a windfall in oil revenues is positive for Iraq,” said Yesar al-Maleki, an analyst at Middle East Economic Survey.
“But is a two-edged sword, since it may dampen government efforts to implement economic reforms needed to diversify it’s sources of income beyond oil.”
Many ordinary Iraqis are frustrated that they see little impact of the higher oil revenues trickle down to them, in a country where nearly a third live below the poverty line, according to the UN.
“With the new parliament bringing a more populist flavour of MPs [members of parliament], it is expected that this windfall will lead to greater calls by politicians and the public alike to increase public sector wages and employment,” Maleki added.
