The Turkish airforce conducted its first strikes in 17 months against a zone in north Syria held by Kurdish militia on the night of March 20, a monitor said.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SOHR) said: “A Turkish fighter jet has struck military positions of Syrian Democratic Forces [SDF] in Saida village in Ain Issa countryside . . . which caused loud explosions.”

It added that this was the first aerial raid since “Operation Peace Spring” – an October 2019 campaign launched by Ankara and its Syrian allies against the SDF in northern Syria.

That operation, interrupted after two accords negotiated by Ankara with first Washington, and then Moscow, allowed Turkey to to seize control of a “safe zone” inside Syria around 120km long and 32km deep.

The village of Ain Issa, however, remained in the hands of Kurdish forces.

The air strikes come the same day as “violent clashes” and “intensive rocket fire” on the frontlines of Ain Issa district between SDF forces and Turkish-backed factions, the SOHR said, adding there had been confirmed casualties.

SOHR director Rami Abdul Rahman said: “Clashes between the two sides have been going on for the last 24 hours . . . Turkish forces have had difficulty advancing since the SDF destroyed a Turkish tank.”

The Syrian Kurdish-led People’s Protection Units, which form a vital component of the SDF, are considered by Turkey to be a “terrorist offshoot” of the outlawed Kurdistan Workers’ Party.

But they have also been a key ally to the US and others in the battle against the Islamic State group in Syria.