Phnom Penh Post - UN urges world to move on climate

The UN on Saturday urged leaders to declare a global climate emergency and shape greener growth after the coronavirus pandemic, as nations took gloomy stock five years since the landmark Paris Agreement.

At a virtual “Climate Ambition Summit” addressed by more than 70 leaders, fast-growing China outlined new ambitions in green energy.

In the dying days of Donald Trump’s administration, the US government was one notable absentee after abandoning the Paris pact.

But president-elect Joe Biden issued a statement arguing there was “no time to waste”, as he prepares to embrace the deal anew and to host his own climate summit within 100 days of taking office next month.

“Welcome back, welcome home!” French President Emmanuel Macron told the Americans, switching to English in his summit address.

Nations not invited by the organisers included Brazil and Australia, which both stand accused of ignoring the crisis under their right-wing governments in the buildup to the UN’s next major climate summit next year, COP26, in the Scottish city of Glasgow.

Commitments made in Paris in 2015 were already “far from enough” to limit temperature rises to 1.5 degrees Celsius, UN secretary-general Antonio Guterres said in his opening address to the summit, which was co-hosted by Britain and France.

“If we don’t change course, we may be headed for a catastrophic temperature rise of more than 3.0 degrees this century,” he said.

“That is why today, I call on all leaders worldwide to declare a State of Climate Emergency in their countries until carbon neutrality is reached,” he added, arguing the recovery from Covid-19 presented a rare opportunity to recalibrate growth.

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson told the summit that “the promethean power of our invention” was yielding vaccines against the disease, and should be unleashed too for the climate.

Heading into the summit, Johnson committed to ending all direct UK support for the fossil-fuel sector overseas. And he has presented plans for a “green industrial revolution” creating up to 250,000 jobs, especially in renewable energy.

He told the summit: “We are doing this not because we are hair-shirt-wearing, tree-hugging, mung-bean-munching eco freaks.

“We are doing it because we know that scientific advances will allow us, collectively as humanity, to save our planet and create millions of high-skilled jobs as we recover from Covid.”

Israel and Pakistan vowed to phase out coal-fired power plants. But while India touted its green credentials, there was little new in the way of action from a country that is battling increasingly erratic weather patterns and air pollution.

Chinese President Xi Jinping said China would work to reduce the intensity of its emissions by 65 per cent by 2030, compared with 2005 levels.

He promised to “aim to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030”, repeating a pledge he made in September, when the world’s second-largest economy said it would achieve net-zero emissions by 2060.

But Xi reiterated China’s view that while it is still developing economically, richer countries should step up more.

In his own message, Pope Francis stressed that both the pandemic and climate change “weigh most heavily upon the lives of the poor and vulnerable”.

More than 110 countries have committed to becoming carbon neutral by 2050.

Under the Paris deal’s “ratchet” mechanism, countries are required to submit renewed emissions cutting plans – termed Nationally Determined Contributions or NDCs – every five years.

The deadline for this is December 31.